1. IN-TEXT CITATION
Cite sources in a text using the Anglo-Saxon (Harvard) Referencing Style.
If you are referring to a specific page, then format your in-text citation like this: (Surname Year of Publication: Page) – for example: (Novák 2010: 23). If you are referring to the entire body of work, put only the surname and the year of publication in parentheses – for example: (Novák 2010).
If there are two or three authors for an article/monograph or two or three editors for a collection or volume, then be sure to state all two/three surnames – for example: (Novák – Nováková – Nováček 2010: 23). If there are more than three contributors, however, only state the first one and add et al. at the end – for example: (Novák et al. 2010: 23).
(Please Note: The abbreviations ed. and eds. for labelling an editor or editors are not provided in parentheses.)
If the article, study, or book does not have an identified author, then use the first few words from the title or the first noun in the following format: (Title Year of Publication: Page) – for example: (History 2010: 23). If there are several identical titles (for example, books beginning with the word History) published in the same year, then logically you should cite more words from the title so that the individual books can be distinguished from each other – for example: (History of Český lid 2010: 23) and (History of the Czech Nation 2010: 455).
Refer to citations of consecutive pages in the follow format: (Novák 2010: 23–24).
Pages in citations and the individual surnames of the authors of a single publication are separated by dashes with spaces, not hyphens.
If you are citing more than one work in the same parenthesis, separate them with a semicolon – for example: (Novák 2010: 23; Novák – Nováková 2013: 55).
If you are citing more than one work by the same author at the same time, then state their surname only once and separate their works with a semicolon – for example: (Novák 2010: 23; 2015: 456).
If you are citing multiple works from the same author from the same year, distinguish them with the letters a, b, c, etc. – for example: (Novák 2010a: 23; 2010b: 456).
If you are citing the same work twice in a row, use “Ibid.” (no italics) in lieu of the author’s name and year of publication in the second parentheses – for example: (Ibid.: 456). This rule applies for citing the same work within the same paragraph.
When citing authors who only go by their initials, just use their initials with a period after each initial and a space between initials – for example: (A. N. 2010: 33).
2. CITATION USAGE GUIDE FOR A LIST OF LITERARY WORKS FOR STUDIES
2.1. GENERAL PRINCIPLES
Books/articles by the same author that were published in the same year should be distinguished by the letters a, b, c, etc. after the year of publication – for example: Novák, Adam. 2010a, Novák, Adam. 2010b. Works from the same author should be listed in ascending order in the bibliography, i.e. from the oldest to the youngest work (first comes the year 2009, then 2010, etc.).
If one author is the author of a publication and the editor of another publication in a given year, then the works should also be distinguished using the letters a, b, c, etc. – for example: Novák, Adam. 2010a, Novák, Adam (ed.). 2010b.
Books/articles by multiple authors – separate individual authors with a dash and spaces – for example: Novák, Adam – Nováková, Eva. Do the same for multiple publishers or places of publication for one book – for example: Prague – Brno: Academia, resp. Prague: Academia – Argo). If there are two publishers and two different places of publication, then separate them with a semicolon – for example: Novák, Adam. 2010. The History of Český lid. A Century with this Journal. Prague: Academia; Brno: CDK.
Italicise the title of the book, collection, magazine, journal, annual review, almanac, or annual report.
Separate pages with a dash without spaces when listing pages or numbers from a particular year, for example: 26–29, not 26-29.
If the author is only listed by his/her initials, then list just the initials with a period after each initial and a space between the initials – for example: A. N. 2010. The History of Český lid. A Century with this Journal. Prague: Academia. In the bibliography, sort the authors by the first letter of their initials.
If the author is not mentioned, or is listed only by his/her initials, but his/her full name can be traced by a simple search, then list his/her name in square brackets in the citation – for example: A. N. [Novák, Adam]. 2010. The History of Český lid. A Century with this Journal. Prague: Academia. Sort the work alphabetically by the author’s initials (i.e. NOT by his/her full name that you were able to find).
You should also use square brackets in this way when adding the place of publication or publisher that was previously not mentioned but you were able to trace by a simple search – for example: Novák, Adam. 2010. The History of Český lid. A Century with this Journal. [Prague]: Academia.
When citing the place of publication, respect the original wording found in the title, for example: write “Prag, Brünn” (not “Prague, Brno”).
If the book does not have a place of publication or a year of publication and this information cannot be traced, then use the abbreviations s. l. (sine loco “without a location”) in lieu of the place of publication and/or s. d. (sine die “without a day”) in lieu of the year of publication – for example: Novák, Adam. 2010. The History of Český lid. A Century with this Journal. S. l .: Academia; or Novák, Adam. S. d. The History of Český lid. A Century with this Journal. Prague: Academia.
Sort items in the bibliography and sources alphabetically from A to Z (sort the items in this way regardless of whether the author is a person, or the bibliographic data begins with the title of the publication). Separate publications by the same author are listed earlier than publications for which he/she is the co-author or co-editor – for example: (Novák, Adam. 2010. The History of Český lid. A Century with this Journal. Prague: Academia) is followed by (Novak, Adam – Novakova, Eva. 2000. Čeněk Zíbrt and Český lid. Prague: Academia, 1991) even though it was published afterwards.
If the resource has a Digital Object Identifier (DOI), provide it in the citation. The DOI must be provided in the form of a full internet link: https://doi.org/DOI-prefix/DOI-sufix. To find out if an electronic resource has been assigned to a DOI, see CrossRef's search engine: http://www.crossref.org/guestquery.
2.2. EXAMPLES OF CITATIONS
MONOGRAPHS, EDITED PROCEEDINGS:
Surname, given name of author. Publication year. Title of Work Subtitle of the work. Edition number (if not the 1st edition). Place of publication: Publisher.
Novák, Adam. 2010. The History of Český lid. A Century with this Journal. 2nd ed. Prague: Academia.
Monograph with multiple authors
Novak, Adam – Novakova, Eva. 2010. The History of Český lid. A Century with this Journal. Prague: Academia.
Monograph without an author
The History of Český lid. A Century with this Journal. 2010. Prague: Academia.
Edited anthology
Novak, Adam – Novakova, Eva (eds.). 2010. The History of Český lid. A Century with this Journal. Prague: Academia.
STUDIES IN A COLLECTIVE MONOGRAPH OR ANTHOLOGY:
Surname, given name of author. Publication year. Study title. Study subtitle. In: Surname, first name (ed.): Title of the collection. Subtitle of the collection. Place of publication: Publisher: page–page.
Novák, Adam. 2010. The beginnings of Český lid. Čeněk Zíbrt, founder of the journal. In: Novák, Adam (ed.): The History of Český lid. A Century with this Journal. Prague: Academia: 5–25.
Study in a collective monograph or anthology with multiple editors
Novák, Adam. 2010. The beginnings of Český lid. Čeněk Zíbrt, founder of the journal. In: Novák, Adam – Nováková, Eva (eds.): The History of Český lid. A Century with this Journal. Prague: Academia: 5–25.
Study in a collective monograph or anthology without authors
Novák, Adam. 2010. The beginnings of Český lid. Čeněk Zíbrt, founder of the journal. The History of Český lid. A Century with this Journal. Prague: Academia: 5–25.
If the collective monograph has more than 3 authors and its editor is not listed, cite it as follows:
Novák, Adam. 2010. The beginnings of Český lid. Čeněk Zíbrt, founder of the journal. In: Novák, Adam – Nováková, Eva – Nováček, Jan et al .: The History of Český lid. A Century with this Journal. Prague: Academia: 5–25.
STUDY IN A JOURNAL OR AN ANNUAL REVIEW THAT IS PUBLISHED AS A JOURNAL, I.E. WITHOUT EDITORS OF INDIVIDUAL YEARS
Surname, given name of author. Publication year. Article title. Article subtitle. Name of the journal volume number: page–page.
Novák, Adam. 2010. The beginnings of Český lid. Čeněk Zíbrt, founder of the journal. Český lid 25: 33–51.
Study in a journal without an author
The beginnings of Český lid. Čeněk Zíbrt, founder of the journal. Český lid 25: 33–51.
Study in a journal that is not continuously paginated – we also cite the issue number, not just the volume number
Novák, Adam. 2010. The beginnings of Český lid. Čeněk Zíbrt, founder of the journal. Český lid 25: 33–51.
ELECTRONIC SOURCES
Citation of texts with the author – books, journals, magazines
If the resource has a DOI identifier, be sure to provide it.
Surname, given name of author. Publication year. Title of Work Subtitle of work. [access date in yyyy-mm-dd format]. Available at: website citation or DOI.
Novák, Adam. 2010. The beginnings of Český lid. Čeněk Zíbrt, founder of the journal. [2018-10-24]. Available at: http://nejlepšiknihystoletí-Novak-Pocatky_Ceskeho_lidu.pdf.
Surname, given name of author. Publication year. Article title. Article subtitle. Title of the journal volume. [access date in yyyy-mm-dd format]. Available at: website citation.
Novák, Adam. 2010. The beginnings of Český lid. Čeněk Zíbrt, founder of the journal. Český lid 25. [2018-10-24]. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.21104/CL.2010.x.0x.
Citations without an author
Čeněk Zíbrt. 2016. Wikipedia. Open encyclopedia. [2018-10-24]. Available at: https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cen%C4%9Bk_Z%C3%ADbrt.
CITATIONS FROM PERIODIC PRESS
Surname, given name of author. Publication year. Article title. Article subtitle. Name of newspaper/magazine or journal volume, number, date of issue: page–page.
Novák, Adam. 2014. How Čeněk Zíbrt became the founder of the journal. Notes on the first years of Český lid. MF Today 25, 153, 1. 8. 2014: 2–3.
Article citation without author
How Čeněk Zíbrt became the founder of the journal. Notes on the first years of Český lid. 2014. MF Today 25, 153, 1. 8. 2014: 2–3
CITATIONS OF ARCHIVED SOURCES
Name of the archival repository and its location, label and name of the fonds (collection), inventory number (inv. no.), signature or reference code (sign.), box and or folder (kart.) or book, name or description of the document for modern material.
Moravian Provincial Archive (hereinafter referred to as MZA), fonds B 280 Provincial National Committee Brno. Presidium (hereinafter referred to as B 280-P), inv. no. 6, sign. III/1, kart. 353, f. 83, SNB Intelligence Report dated 29 March 1947.
Archive of the City of Brno (hereinafter referred to as AMB), fonds A 1/3 Archive of the City of Brno – Collection of Manuscripts and Official Books (hereinafter referred to as A 1/3), rkp. no. 3, f. 1r–2v.
CITATIONS OF INTERVIEWS AND CORRESPONDENCE
Interview with name of the interviewee, date of the interview, place of the interview, interview conducted by name of the interviewer, page of the transcript.
Interview with Adam Novák, 15 March 2017, Prague, interview conducted by Eva Nováková, p. 12.
Letter Author's name Recipient's name, place of writing, date of writing, page.
Letter from Adam Novák to Eva Nováková, Prague, 15 March 2017, p. 2.
3 FORMAL REQUIREMENTS FOR TEXTS - GENERAL PRINCIPLES
3.1. Format of text
Use Times New Roman font, size 12 (no interspaces), line spacing 1.5, without enlarging spaces (spaces before and after the line set at 0 points), aligned to the left – Ctrl + L.
If you indent the first line of a paragraph, never do so with the space bar. Set up this function under the paragraph formatting tab.
Do not divide words manually or automatically; do not enter lines or line breaks in the continuous text of a paragraph manually (with the Enter key).
Provide tables, figures, graphs separately. If they are to be inserted in the text, indicate their location.
Use italics for the titles of copyrighted works (literary, musical, film, exhibitions, etc.) and for quotes from sources (archival sources, interviews, etc.) – in this case in combination with quotation marks. Quotes from literary sources are in quotation marks, but without italics.
Use bold for headings and subheadings. Format the text using only the space bar. Do not use preset chapter and subchapter formatting styles.
Indent quotes from literary sources or sources longer than three lines in a separate block.
3.2. Footnotes
Edit footnotes using automatic formatting (for example, do not write them after the text) and number them continuously. Footnotes are used to cite archival sources and to comment on, explain, provide supplementary facts from the main text (speaking notes) and do not serve to cite literature. The footnote number is placed immediately after the word in the sentence or in the case of punctuation, immediately after the punctuation mark. This means the footnote number will appear after the comma of a grammatical clause (or after the period at the end of a sentence) or after the parentheses if a particular expression is in parentheses.
3.3. List of Literary and Other Sources (Bibliography/Reference List)
If required by the nature of the submitted text, separate the list of literary sources and the list of non-literary sources (archival, pictorial, interviews, etc.).
3.4. Appendices
Do not insert images directly into a text document. Supply them separately in uncompressed format (e.g. TIFF) with a minimum resolution of 300 dpi. Attachments can be black and white or in colour. It is necessary to list them with exact citations, including their origin, copyright holder, or repository (institution). The authors of submitted articles are responsible for the settlement of all rights relating to the pictorial and other appendices.
3.5. More Instructions for Editing the Text
- Abbreviations
Write out the full name of an institution for its first use and put the abbreviation in parentheses. Afterwards, use only the abbreviation – for example: Institute of Ethnology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (EÚ AV ČR).
- Name, surname
When providing someone’s name for the first time, always write down their full given name – for example: Karel Jaromír Erben. You can shorten the given names to just the surname the next time you need to provide a person’s name.
- Quotation Marks
All quotes are provided in quotation marks.
- Numerical data, numerals
Always express lower numerical data (1-9) in words. For example: one, two, three, etc.
Always write numerical data in Arabic numerals, do not shorten years to the last two digits, but write them out – ie: 1948–1989) and use a dash (not a hyphen) between the two digits.
- Brackets
They are added to an expression without spaces. Parentheses are used in a text; brackets are used for author's notes (keyboard keys: Alt+Ctrl+F and Alt+Ctrl+G).