Datum zveřejnění:
19.2.2014
Český lid poskytuje otevřený přístup k veškerému svému obsahu v rámci licenceCreative Commons Attribution NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International.
Abstrakt:
The article examines the rise of informal spatial practices in the areas left in the shadows of the socialist planning system, in Belgrade (Serbia, former Yugoslavia) in the 1970s and 1980s. By looking into the relation of spontaneous interventions with the constitutionally enacted system of territorial self-management, we explore both the enclaves of everyday life forming in parallel to the hegemonic and homogenous plan, and highly formalised, planned attempts at emulating spontaneous practices in large housing projects. The research is based on comparative analysis of planning documentation and illegal interventions, period sources including letters and memos written by architects and illegal constructors, available statistics and published polemics. The article argues that many of the unresolved contradictions of the socialist period can be seen as the seeds of those practices which have been part of the post-socialist transition and its spatiality from the 1990s onwards.
Klíčová slova
socialist housing; Belgrade; self-management; informal spatiality; illegal construction; post-socialist city
Text článku
Reference
Andrusz, Gregory: 2006 - Wall and Mall: A Metaphor for Metamorphosis. In: Tsenkova, Sasha -
Nedovič-Budič, Zorica (eds.): The Urban Mosaic of Post-Socialist Europe. Space, Institutions
and Policy. New York: Phy sica- Verlag: 71-90.
Andrusz, Gregory - Harloe, Michael - Szelenyi, Ivan (eds.): 1996 - Cities After Socialism: Urban
and Regional Change and Conflict in Post-Socialist Societies. Oxford: Blackwell.
Blagojevič, Ljiljana: 2009 - The Problematic of a 'New Urban': The Right to New Belgrade.
In: Bitter, Sabine - Weber, Helmut (eds.): Autogestion, or Henri Lefebvre in New Belgrade.
Vancouver and Berlin: Fillip and Steinberg Press: 119-133.
Blagojevič, Ljiljana: 2012 - The Residence as a Decisive Factor: Modern Housing in the Central
Zone of New Belgrade. Architektům & urbanizmus 46.3-4: 228-249.
Bodnár, Judit: 1996 - 'He That Hath to Him Shall be Given': Housing Privatization in Budapest
after State Socialism. International Journal of Urban & Regional Research 20.4: 616-636.
Bodnár, Judit - Molnár, Virág; 2010 - Reconfiguring Private and Public: State, Capital and New
Housing Developments in Berlin and Budapest. Urban Studies 47.2: 789-812.
David, Miša: 1976 - Studija o prostornim i sociološkim karakteristikama novih stambenih naselja
u Beogradu. Arhitektūra urbanizam 74-77: 85-93.
De Certeau, Michel: 1988 - The Practice of Everyday Life. Berkley: University of California Press.
ETH Studio Basel: 2006 - Bežanija Plaza. In the Shadow of Visions. Available online: http://www.
studio-basel.com/assets/files/files/023_BG_04_shadows_dr.pdf
Durovič, Duro B.: 1970 - Bespravna stambena izgradnja u Beogradu i mere za njeno suzbijanje.
Komuna 4: 38-39.
Hirt, Sonia: 2009 - City Profile: Belgrade, Serbia. Cities 26: 293-303.
Hirt, Sonia - Kovachev, Atanass: 2006 - The Changing Spatial Structure of Post-Socialist Sona.
In: Tsenkova, Sasha - Nedovič-Budič, Zorica (eds.): The Urban Mosaic of Post-Socialist
Europe. Space, Institutions and Policy. New York: Phy sica- Verlag: 113-130.
Hirt, Sonia - Petrvič, Mina: 2011 - The Belgrade Wall: The Proliferation of Gated Housing in
the Serbian Capital after Socialism. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research
35.4: 753-777
Hörschelmann, Kat
Progress in Human
Horvat, Branko: 1975
of Self-governing S
Self-governing Socia
Sciences Press: 3-66.
Horvat, Branko - Markovič, Mihailo - Supek, Rudi (eds.): 1975 - Self-governing Socialism.
A Reader. Volumes 1 and 2. White Plains, New York: International Arts and Sciences Press.
Lefebvre, Henri: 1975 - Elements for a Sociology of Self-management. In: Horvat, Branko -
Markovič, Mihailo - Supek, Rudi (eds.): Self-governing Socialism. A Reader. Volume 2. White
Plains, New York: International Arts and Sciences Press: 14-19.
Lefebvre, Henri: 1991 - The Production of Space. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.
Luthar, Breda - Pušnik, Maruša: 2010 - The Lure of Utopia. Socialist Everyday Spaces. In: Luthar,
Breda - Pušnik, Maruša (eds.): Remembering Utopia: The Culture of Everyday Life in Socialist
Yugoslavia. Washington: New Academia Publishing: 1-33.
Macura, Vladimir: 1985 - Bašta u gradu. Arhitektūra urbanizam 96: 36-37.
Marušič, Milenija - Marušič, Dārko: 1987 - Cerak 1 i Cerak 2. Cerak u 20 slika. In: Jarič, Miloš
(ed.): 40 godina gradevinarstva Socij alističke republike Srbije. Beograd: Izgradnja: 127-136.
Petrovič, Mina: 2004 - Socioloģija stanovanja. Stambena politika : izazovi i mogučnosti. Beograd:
Institut za sociološka istraživanja Filozofskog fakulteta.
Petrovič, Mina - Vujovič, Sreten: 2007 - Belgrade's Post-Socialist Urban Evolution: Reflections
by the Actors in the Development Process. In: Stanilov, Kiril (ed.): The Post-Socialist City:
Urban Form and Space Transformations in Central and Eastern Europe after Socialism.
Dordrecht: Springer: 361-383.
Renaudie, Serge - Guilbaud, Pierre - Lefebvre, Henri: 2009 - International Competition for
the New Belgrade Urban Structure Improvement. In: Bitter, Sabine - Weber, Helmut (eds.):
Autogestion, or Henri Lefebvre in New Belgrade. Vancouver and Berlin: Fillip and Steinberg
Press: 1-71.
Resnik - linearni grad- Avala grad. 1980 - Beograd: Kulturni centar.
Roberts, John: 2006 - Philosophizing the Everyday. Revolutionary Praxis and the Fate of Cultural
Theory. London: Pluto Press.
Saveljič, Branislava: 1989 - Beogradska favela. Beograd: Istraživačko-izdavački centar SSO
Srbije.
Smith, David M.: 1996 - The Socialist City. In: Andrusz, Gregory - Harloe, Michael - Szelenyi,
Ivan (eds.): Cities After Socialism: Urban and Regional Change and Conflict in Post-Socialist
Societies. Oxford: Blackwell: 70-99.
Stanilov, Kiril (ed.): 2007 - The Post-Socialist City: Urban Form and Space Transformations in
Central and Eastern Europe after Socialism. Dordrecht: Springer.
Stanovništvo. Knjiga 9 i 10. Popis stanovništva, domačinstava i stanova u 2002. 2004 - Beograd:
Republički závod za statistiku.
Stojanovič, Svetozar: 1975 - Between Ideals and Reality. In: Horvat, Branko - Markovič, Mihailo
- Supek, Rudi (eds.): Self-governing Socialism. A Reader. Volume 1. White Plains, New York:
International Arts and Sciences Press: 467-478.
Sýkora, Luděk: 2009 - Post-Socialist Cities. In Kitchin, R. - Thrift, N. (eds.): International
Encyclopaedia of Human Geography. Volume 8. Oxford: Elsevier: 387-395.
Sýkora, Luděk - Bouzarovski, Stefan: 201 1 - Multiple Transformations: Conceptualising the Post-
Communist Urban Transition. Urban Studies 49: 43-60.
Aleksandar Kušič - Ljiljana Blagojevič: Patterns of Everyday Spatiality
Szelenyi, Ivan: 1996 - Cities under Socialism - and After. In: Andrusz, Gregory - Harloe, Michael
- Szelenyi, Ivan (eds.): Cities After Socialism : Urban and Regional Change and Conflict in
Post-Socialist Societies. Oxford: Blackwell: 286-317.
Tsenkova, Sasha - Nedovič-Budič, Zorica (eds.): 2006 - The Urban Mosaic of Post-Socialist
Europe. Space, Institutions and Policy. New York: Physica- Verlag.
Vratuša-Žunjič, Vera: 1995 - Attitudes toward the desirable organization of society and the war in
Yugoslavia. Socioloģija 37.4: 485-513.
Vujovič, Sreten: 1985 - Sociološki ogled stambenoj bedi i siromaštvu. In: Bobič, Miloš -Vujovič,
Sreten (eds.): Krov nadglavom. Ogledi o stambenoj bedi i siromaštvu. Beograd: Filip Višnjič:
41-62.
Waley, Paul: 2011 - From modernist to market urbanism: the transformation of New Belgrade.
Perspectives 26.2: 209-235.
Zukin, Sharon: 2008 - Beyond Marx and Tito. Theory and Practice in Yugoslav Socialism. New
York: Cambridge University Press.